Crush and Strain Harvest When You Use Foundation

The bees where we poured the nematodes a week ago had honey to harvest. But the frames in the hive were put there by the previous owner and the frames all had plastic foundation. I haven't ever harvested from plastic before, but there's a first time for everything.

I harvested from them in mid-July and just haven't posted about it until now.

We took about two boxes worth of honey off of the two hives. We actually removed two boxes from each hive, but many of the frames were not used so we only harvested the excess, amounting to two boxes. I wanted to leave each hive with one full super in addition to whatever they have stored in the bottom brood box so that they have a good chance going into winter.

I brought the honey home and used a spatula to scrape the honey off of the plastic and into my crushing pan. This was the messiest harvest ever. And the frames were really drippy. I put the dripping frames into another roasting pan and will use the honey that dripped off of them to feed any bees who need feeding going into winter.

You can see in the first frame that it was only partially filled with capped honey.

I used a spatula to scrape the honey into the crushing pan.

The fuller frames were more fun!

When I had crushed it all and put the pulverized wax into the filter buckets, I then let the bees clean it up. I always do this in my front yard so it's not right next to the beehives.

Out in front of my house puts the house between the cleanup and the apiary. Mostly I am sure I am feeding bees from around the neighborhood (there are at least five beekeepers within a block of me).

It is quite a party for the bees but at the end of the day the wax is clean, not at all sticky, and ready to put in the solar wax melter.

The Value of a Beekeeping Mentor

When I first started beekeeping, I had many mentors. An Atlanta beekeeper came over pretty close to the arrival of my first hives and walked me through my first inspection. I went on hive inspections through my local bee club at the Atlanta Botanical Garden where there were beehives. Most of my local bee club believed in feeding the bees all the time and treating the bees for everything, so I couldn't find many/any like-minded beekeepers there. I relied for mentorship on people at Beemaster and Beesource online and felt wonderfully mentored.

Now that I've been keeping bees for eleven years, I have the opportunity to give back and I do a lot of mentoring new beekeepers. Beekeeper-wanna-bees, as well as new beekeepers, show up to spend time with me in my bee yard and I am glad both for the company and for the chance to teach someone something new.

I was contacted by a man in north Atlanta when he first got his bees. He came to our Meetup in Atlanta and had met me and wanted some hands-on help with his new hives. He lives about 25 minutes from me (Atlanta is really big!) but I went and was glad to go.

He had read a lot online and really wanted to be a natural beekeeper. He had regularly read Beesource and Beemaster and knew a lot, but was uncertain about his hives. The first time I visited, it was about reassuring him about his hives and helping him to know how to conduct a hive inspection.

He has a beautiful organic garden.

He requested a second visit because he was worried that he had a queenless hive. The closest hive in the photo below looked less active and he had opened it and hadn't seen any brood, any sign of a queen.

You can see less activity in the closest hive in the photo above. So we opened the hives and went through them. We started in the less active hive. We took off the medium boxes and got to his deep bottom box. I pulled out the next to last frame and there was dark biscuit brood in the center in a pretty good pattern. According to Billy Davis, that means the brood was about to emerge so it was about three weeks old. Also in that frame I could see brood and larvae at all ages and eggs. I showed him how to put the sun over your shoulder the better to see the larvae and eggs.

Every time I go, he comments on how patient I am. I am so not a patient person, but that was nice for me to hear because I think one of the benefits of beekeeping for me is that it slows me down and makes me behave patiently.

Turns out that he was panicked when he had read on Beesource that many people were finding that they had lost their queens here at the end of bee season. He had not looked through the entire brood box (must have started on the other side of the box) and assumed he didn't have a queen.

However, the hive was actually thriving and had a healthy, laying queen. The other hive was in equally good shape with a little more stores than the first hive. I asked him if he would like to take a frame of honey out of the hive so they could at least taste what his bees could do? He loved the idea so we took out a frame (giving me the opportunity to show him how to shake and brush off the bees).

I told him how to scrape it off of the foundation and crush it. He emailed me later in the day to say, "Oh boy, it is awesome!"

It's great to ask for help and guidance at any point, but especially when you are starting out beekeeping. I think the next time he is worried, he will look more carefully through the hive and maybe take reading glasses or a magnifying lens to help him see the eggs and larvae.

As I backed down his driveway, I could hear him literally giving a whoop of joy that his hives were OK.

Applying Nematodes to Get Rid of Small Hive Beetle

In the middle of May, I was contacted by someone who had bought a house about 20 minutes from me. Her house came complete with chickens, koi fish in a pond, and four beehives. She had found a home for the chickens, don't remember about the fish, but she had four beehives, three of which contained bees. Leslee asked me to help her with the bees. "I love all creatures and hope to keep these bees healthy," she said.

When I went to her house, the hives clearly had been neglected for probably two years. One hive was small with a large population of small hive beetles. The other two looked like they were busy and being productive.

This hive was isolated away from the other two. 

Leslee had put sugar syrup on all the hives in an effort to feed the bees. I explained to her that we were in a nectar flow and we didn't need at that time (mid May) to feed the bees.

On one of the hives the area around the feeder smelled just awful. I couldn't imagine what it was. Then I returned a week or so later to take the hives apart and really inspect them. When I did, the hive with the smelly feeder area was quite interesting. In that deep bottom box, behind the feeder was a very nasty smelling area in a perfect rectangle. The bees had left empty the three frames immediately above the nasty liquid. 

This house had been for sale and I wondered if maybe one of the realtors showing the house had sprayed poison into the hive in that area to try to kill the bees (and sell the house more easily).

I removed the feeder, took out the three empty frames and cleaned up the area. One of the four hives was empty and I didn't want to put a box that had poison in it back on the hive. I removed the box completely. I had brought with me a ten frame bottom board and slatted rack. I took two deeps off of the fourth failed hive and got rid of the poison-filled box. I didn't have deep frames with me, so I substituted three medium frames. It won't matter. The bees will build comb below the bottom bar. I've done this before in other hives. 

Below you can see the hive with its new slatted rack. The removed frames are on one side of the hive and the feeder is off to the other side. The hive has two deeps because I needed space for these bees and that was all that was available, left from the previous beekeeper.

The third time I visited these hives, the small hive in the photo above had absconded and was completely overrun with small hive beetles. These three hives are on a tree-covered ridge and are totally in the shade. What a mess - all the comb smelled like orange crush and the honey was slimey. I closed the hive up and worked on the other two instead. 

So I talked to Leslee and we decided to treat for small hive beetles by pouring beneficial nematodes on the ground around the hives. I actually planned to treat the entire hillside since the other two hives had failed from small hive beetle.

I ordered nematodes from Southeastern Insectaries. I've had a previous experience with these - it's truly an act of faith. The beekeeper can't see the nematodes, but the instructions say to stir them to dissolve them into water.

So I followed the instructions to the letter:

You might think you are looking at the nematodes, but no, you are looking at the gel in which they come.

The cloudy liquid in the pint jar represents the dissolved nematodes

The well-rinsed gel looks like this - all of the nematodes should (who knows?) be in the water!

I was scared of losing any of the 53 million little guys so I put the pint jar in the bottom of a five gallon Home Depot bucket. I know the photo looks like abstract art, but it's the inside of the bucket, looking down on the pint jar sitting on the bottom of the bucket. 

Never removing the jar from the bucket, I opened its top there and then poured the nematode solution into the bottom of the bucket. Then I added water with the hose and stirred the invisible little creatures with a long-handled wooden spoon. (The instructions say to stir frequently because the nematodes tend to sink to the bottom - I'd never know, so I stirred like mad!)

I had a half gallon empty milk carton with me so I used it to fill my sprinkler can.

Then I poured the water with hopefully well-stirred nematodes all around the hives and around the old hive locations on the hillside. 

BTW, before I left, I photographed the two living hives. This photo shows you the impact of the slatted rack. The closest hive has one, the fartherest one does not.

Close-up of the non-slatted rack hive. I can't say enough for the slatted rack. If I can find another 10 frame slatted rack, I'm bringing it over. These hives are so heavy with the ten frame boxes that I don't dare try it by myself. I'm spoiled by eight frames! I always bring Jeff to help me on these large tasks!

Working with bees that were started by someone else in their equipment is quite the adventure. We have no idea of these bees' history. Where did he get them? He apparently built his own equipment. Part of the reason the hive boxes are hard to lift is that the hand holds are very shallow, much more so than my commercial boxes. The previous beekeeper left it all behind. He left his beesuit, his smoker, his frame lifter and his hives. At least Leslee will be able to use those things.

How is Honey Made by the Bee? Spoiler Alert: It isn't Vomit...

At the Carter Center on Saturday at the Butterfly Trail Discovery Day, I had to field questions over and over about how the bees produce honey. People wanted to know if the bee vomited the nectar from a stomach.

I had to explain that although I do have a friend in West Palm who calls his apiary Bee Barf Apiary, in fact, the honey bee has an entirely separate honey pouch or stomach in which she carries her nectar. Her digestive organs are different from the place where the nectar goes. I felt clumsy in my explanation.

I have just read this article, however, which is the clearest explanation I have ever read of how the nectar is carried by the bee, how the nectar turns into honey, and how the digestive tract is separate from the honey processing part of the bee. You can read the article here.

Mrs. Rosalynn Carter Becomes a Beekeeper and I was THERE!

Today at the Carter Center in Atlanta, Rosalyn Carter had an event to encourage the perpetuation of monarch butterflies and other pollinators. Holly Bayendor, the president of the Metro Atlanta Beekeepers, asked me and my friend and neighbor beekeeper, Curt Barrett to join her to represent MABA at the festival called the Butterfly Trail Discovery Day.

We had a table with Holly's observation hive and some beekeeping items. All day children and their parents stopped by to ask all about the bees. We tried to answer their questions, looked for the queen in Holly's observation hive (her husband, Jeff, was the best at finding her majesty), and handed out information about MABA's junior beekeeping program.

The highlight of the day was when Mrs. Carter came to our area to go into the hives that are resident at the Carter Center. These hives were started late last summer, so while this is technically one of the hives' second year, really they are new hives.

Mrs. Carter said that she felt a little nervous but she had promised her grandchildren that she would go into the hives. The photos below are the ones I took today and some that my nephew, Ben Tillman, and his wife, Stacy, took when I was lucky enough to be next to Mrs. Carter.

When Mrs. Carter was trying to get the gloves on, I was right across from her and said, "It's one of the difficulties in beekeeping - the small size is small for men." She looked up and saw me and said, "I like your shirt!"  Made my day!

Curt demonstrating how he has to hold his extractor when he turns it!

Bees in Bedford

I'm at a professional conference in Bedford, Pennsylvania at the Omni Bedford Springs resort. As I drove in I saw this old style building with bright blue beehives behind it. Later that day I stopped, pulled my car off of the road and walked over to take their photo.

I stopped at the concierge desk to ask about hiking trails. I wanted to find a way to walk to the beehives. The young man said, "You're a beekeeper?" He wanted to know why bees were dying, etc. 

He told me that last year was the first year the hotel had had bees and they had all died over the winter. He said that these are Russian bees since they have been told that they are hardier. 

I have seen bees on many flowers growing on the property and flowers are blooming everywhere. They are feeding these bees sugar syrup...as nectar is flowing. I guess their beekeeper has also been schooled to "feed, feed, feed" regardless of the nectar. It does mean that their honey will be laced with sugar syrup.

I did see lots of bees on the property gathering nectar:

Crossword puzzle about Hive Inspections

Just for fun, I did a crossword on hive inspections that I plan to put in the GBA Newsletter, but I thought I'd put it here as well for your fun and games:


If you'd like to work it online, here's the link.

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8

9 10

11 12 13

14 15 16

17 18

19 20

21

22 23 24

25 26

27 28 29

Hive inspections

Across

Seeing these on an

inspection lets you know

without having to see her

that the queen is alive and

doing well

1

What it feels like a ten frame

deep full of honey weighs

3

Used to make the bees think

there is a forest fire

6

If the temperature outside is

under 60 it is probably too

___ to open your hive for an

inspection

9

What's left in the smoker

when the pine straw is all

burned up

11

Sometimes you need to use

this tool to get the bees off

of a frame for easier

observation

12

Another name for a hive

super

14

Some beekeepers just use

one puff of smoke at the hive

entry to greet the bees and

say __

16

If you see a small hive

beetle, _____ it with your hive

tool!

17

In an inspection you place

the top cover upside down

on the ground so you can

stack the boxes __ it as you

remove them from the hive

19

Really thick honey does not

pour quickly out of the cell

but is more likely to do this

20

When the beekeeper sees

this in the cells, he/she feels

great if there are multiple

colors

21

A term to describe how bees

make honeycomb on

foundation

22

This or other varieties of this

substance can be used to

refill small hive beetle traps

during an inspection

24

If you use hive drapes, you

should pick tightly woven

material. Bees have hair all

over their bodies and are

likely to get caught in the

material if it is nappy or

_____.

25

The drone is not a girl.

Instead the drone is a ___

27

State that is the largest

source of package bees in

the country

28

The last three letters of the

protective headgear worn

during an inspection

29

Down

Description of slime left by

small hive beetle

2

Bees typically land in the

entry and walk in__ their hive

3

We want to find in our

inspection that the hive is __

4

It's better for your hive to

face east or southeast than

this direction

5

What the queen is to the

bees in the hive

7

When you hurry and ____

through an inspection, you

are likely to miss something

important or to make a costly

error like dropping a frame

8

Collect this to melt and make

hive products

10

An essential implement to do

a hive inspection

13

Term for larvae

14

If you only see drone brood

in an inspection, you may

have a _______ queen

15

The key to a successful hive

inspection is to move ______.

17

Delicious product of a strong

hive

18

The drone is not the Mama

of the bees but when he

mates with the queen, he

becomes the __.

21

If you break open a lot of

honeycomb during an

inspection, you invite other

bees to do this to the hive

you are inspecting

23

An abbreviation for

Tennessee apiary! Or when

you close up the hive at the

end of an inspection, you

might say, __dah!

26